In this paper a BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR is DESIGNed considering minimum thrust ripple and maximum thrust density (the ratio of the thrust to PERMANENT MAGNET volumes). Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used as optimization method. Finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out base on the optimized and conventional geometric dimensions of the MOTOR. The results of the FEA deal to the significant improvement of the all objective functions.

The BRUSHLESS DC (BLDC) MOTOR is a simple robust machine which has found application over a wide power and speed of ranges in different shapes and geometry. This paper briefly reviews the fundamentals behind the MOTOR and also the different types of BLDC MOTORs with different geometries and then presents a new configuration for BLDC MOTOR/generator, which does not use a PERMANENT MAGNET in the rotor. The proposed novel MOTOR/generator consists of two MAGNETically dependent stator and rotor sets (layers), where each stator set includes nine salient poles with windings wrapped around them while, the rotor comprises of six salient poles. The MAGNETic field passes through a guide to the rotor then the stator and finally completes its path via the MOTOR housing. This is a three phase MOTOR/generator and every stator and rotor pole arcs are about 30o. A new power electronic converter is also presented. This topology provides bidirectional control of the current for each MOTOR phase independently. This control scheme permits the MOTOR to operate with any number of phases at any time. In this converter, four power switches in the form of a bridge connection for each MOTOR phase has been utilized therefore, the MOTOR can operate by switching different sequences for the current direction in each MOTOR phase windings and also offers the choice of having any number of phases to be on at any time. A proto-type MOTOR/generator and the drive circuit have been built and tested in the laboratory and the numerical and experimental results are presented. Due to the ruggedness of the proposed MOTOR/generator in comparison with the conventional and BRUSHLESS dc MOTORs used for automobile applications, this unit looks very promising for use as an integrated MOTOR generator for hybrid vehicle.

PERMANENT MAGNET MOTORs have some advantages including high power density، high efficiency and good thermal characteristic and are used in many industrial applications. The aim of this paper is to present the optimal DESIGN and fabrication of a counter rotate BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR for using in marine systems. Due to the MOTOR space limitations and lack of heat transmission with the environment، the DESIGNed MOTOR must have high power density meanwhile high efficiency. For this purpose، the MOTOR dimensions are calculated with goal of increasing power density by using MOTOR’ s electroMAGNETic equation and genetic algorithm. Furthermore، some considerations have been performed in order to increase the MOTOR efficiency. In order to validate the calculated results، the MOTOR has been simulated with finite element method. At the end، the MOTOR has been fabricated according to the calculated parameters and the experiments results have been presented.

Cogging torque reduction of axial flux PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS dc (PMBLDC) MOTOR is an important issue which demands attention of machine DESIGNers during DESIGN process. This paper presents MAGNET notching technique to reduce cogging torque of axial flux PMBLDC MOTOR DESIGNed for electric vehicle application. Reference axial flux PMBLDC MOTOR of 250 W, 150 rpm is DESIGNed with 48 stator slots and 16 rotor poles of NdFeb type PERMANENT MAGNET without notching. Three dimensional finite element modeling and analysis is performed to obtain cogging torque profile of initially DESIGNed reference machine. Notches are created on PERMANENT MAGNETs and its influence on cogging torque is analyzed with 3-D finite element modeling and analysis. It is analyzed that MAGNET notching is an effective technique to reduce cogging torque of axial flux PMBLDC MOTOR.

This paper presents the DESIGN optimization of axial flux surface mounted PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR based on genetic algorithm for an electrical vehicle application. The rating of the MOTOR calculated form vehicle dynamics is 250 W, 150 rpm. The axial flux surface mounted PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC (PMBLDC) MOTOR was DESIGNed to fit in the rim of the wheel. There are several DESIGN variables e. g. air gap flux density, slot loading, MAGNET spacer width, ratio of outer to inner diameter, air gap length, current density and space factor. The main contribution in the present work is to propose the best combination of DESIGN variables obtained using genetic algorithm (GA) optimization technique and DESIGN of MOTOR based on optimized DESIGN variables. Final validation is carried out with the help of 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) for GA based constraint and unconstraint DESIGN. The entire procedure based on GA is explained with the help of block diagram. Efficiency of the axial flux surface mounted PMBLDC MOTOR is enhanced from 88. 15 to 91. 5 % using GA based DESIGN optimization. Proposed optimization technique and methodology will be useful for performance improvement of any nonLINEAR engineering DESIGN involving various DESIGN variables for specific application.

Evaporative coolers, as one of the least efficient and commonly used electrical power consumers, are used in different areas in Iran. Recent government agencies have focused on the improvement of this consumer by modifying MOTOR DESIGNs or the replacement of the single-phase induction MOTORs with higher-efficiency MOTORs, such as BRUSHLESS MOTORs. The control method of BRUSHLESS MOTOR, used in this application, is often based on the speed control which is constant (for example, two speeds high and low). However, laboratory tests show that due to special characteristics of the cooler’ s fan, the amount of air flow rate is not related to the fan speed alone. Commercial evaporative coolers are DESIGNed for a certain length of the channel that is able to deliver its nominal flow. Increasing the length of channel by the owner can reduce the airflow rate and practically, despite the paid cost, no good airflow rate can be achieved. To remedy this problem, a new approach is proposed in this paper to stabilize airflow rate. For this purpose, the MOTOR, instead of using the constant speed control approach, is controlled in a constant power approach. The details of the requirement’ s DESIGN, the application of BRUSHLESS MOTOR in the evaporative cooler, as well as the results of the test of a 0. 5 hp (horse power) BRUSHLESS MOTOR using the dynamometer are presented. The results are compared with the results of a typical single-phase induction MOTOR test. Afterwards, a 5000 m3/h evaporative cooler, equipped with BRUSHLESS MOTOR, is tested in the reference laboratory under airflow test. The test is carried out both in a constant-speed and in constant-power control approaches. The achieved results indicate the absolute superiority of BRUSHLESS MOTOR over single-phase induction MOTORs; also the constant power control method has a better performance in comparison with a constant speed method.

PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTORs (PMBLDCM) are at the core of most water-pumping systems, which are increasingly moving towards the integration of solar photovoltaic power in domestic, agricultural and industrial applications. However, these systems often face power intermittency due to variable environmental conditions and nighttime outages, leading to underperformance. This study tackles the inherent challenges in ensuring efficient, stable, and cost-effective operation of PMBLDCMs in hybrid solar-grid water-pumping systems without position sensors. The proposed control method integrates an adaptive proportional resonant controller-based phase-locked loop (PLL) to enhance system reliability and performance, ensuring smooth grid interaction with minimal power fluctuations, along with a novel sensorless commutation algorithm for precise rotor position estimation. The proposed control system requires only one line voltage for position estimation, and one phase current for estimation refinement under varying dynamic conditions. The proposed system is validated through an experimental approach, demonstrating its potential to significantly improve the efficiency of solar-powered grid-integrated water-pumping systems, by allowing for a 17% load capacity increase, and 13 % reduction in system costs, making it a significant improvement over existing methods.